Why Choose Java Over C & C++ in 2024?

Here we will discuss that we had already C and C++, so why we need to learn Java? C and C++ both languages were good. Now its time for making things better thatsy Java language was developed.

Earlier languages had some issues so improving that issues Java language was transformed. Java has better features, its security is good, which makes it more reliable. You can be a professional Java Developer by joining a top web development institute in Delhi. This will transform your career in software development. Java brought up advance features and removed the unnecessary and complex features.

Table of Content

Before we start, let’s know about the history of C, C++, and JAVA.

History of C

• Dennis Ritchie developed this C language in 1972. He created it in the USA.
• C was created mainly to fix the issues found in older programming languages. However, it also kept the best features from those languages.
• C is used in the UNIX operating system. 
• C is considered a Mid-level- Level Language as it combines the features of Low and high-level languages.

History of C++

• Bjarne Stroustrup developed this C++ language in USA.
• It is a mixture of C and Simula 67. 
• The first program in Programming language was written in Simula 67.
• Initially C++ was known as C with classes. Everything was same as C. Additional feature was only Simula 67. 
• Any code which perfectly works in C, it will work in C++ too.

C/C++ both languages are used to write high level code and it has a market share of 6.92%.

Orient Software

History of Java

Java has become most in-demand programming language today. Large community of Java developers are available now-a-days. According to Developer Nation, there are 17.1 million people skilled in Java as of 2023.

Developer Nation

Java programming language is not a new language. it has its history which goes back by the end of 20th century. Here we will discuss about the history of Java. Let’s explore how it was developed, and when it was created.

A Twist for JAVA

At first, Java wasn’t designed for web technology. It was developed for digital devices like set-top boxes and televisions. However, people soon realized that Java was great for internet programming. Later, Netscape added Java to its web browser.

At first, Java was called Greentalk with a file extension of .gt and after that, it was renamed as Oak as it symbolizes strength. 

In 1995 it was again renamed Java because of its uniqueness and it’s just a name, not an acronym.

The First Stable Version of Java

23, January 1996, JDK 1.0 was launched.

Here are some basic comparisons between the three programming languages. 

Differences between C and C++

C	C++
Procedural Programming Language	Supports both Procedural and Object Programming Language Paradigms
Function driven	Object driven
Lacks the OOPs concept it does not support polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance	Being an Object Oriented Programming Language it supports polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance
Data behaves as a free entity and can be manipulated by any outside source	Encapsulation hides the data
Does not support function or operator overloading and lacks the namespace feature	It supports both function and operator overloading and has the namespace feature

Differences Between C and Java

C	JAVA
Procedural Programming Language	Object Programming Language
It acts as a binding between machine and high-level language: hence it’s a mid-level language	Code is translated into machine language by an interpreter or compiler; hence it’s a high-level language
Variables are declared at the top	Variables can be declared anywhere
A free variable is used for clearing memory in C	Compiles automatically call the garbage collector
Does not support threading	Supports threading
Supports pointers	Does not support pointers
The garbage collector is manually set	Garbage Collectors work automatically
No function overloading	Supports overloading
Supports call by value and reference	Only supports call-by-value

Differences Between C++ and Java

C++	Java
No strict relationship between the class name and the filename	Strict relation is forced between class name and filename
Easy input-output statements cin and court	Complex input-output statements as it only reads one byte at a time
Only supports compiler	Supports both compiler and interpreter
Compatibility with C source code	On compatibility with any language
Code once compile anywhere	Code once compiled any and everywhere
Supports both Procedural and Object Programming Language Paradigms	Only supports OOPs concept only
Memory management is done by the programmer	Memory management is system-controlled
No root hierarchy	Single root hierarchy
Multiple Inheritance	Does not have multiple inheritances
Has scope resolution operator for defining methods outside the class	Method has to be inside a class
It supports structure	The method has to be inside a class

Features of C Language

1. Simplicity: C is a simple programming language. It organizes code into small blocks to make it easier to understand.

2. Machine Independent: C can run on different machines with just a few small changes.

3. Mid-Level Language: Java is a mid-level language, used as low-level and high-level languages.

4. Inbuilt Functions: C has a very rich library that offers inbuilt functions.

5. Free Function: memory can be cleared by calling a simple function.

6. Pointers: By using pointers we can directly interact with the memory. It can be used for structure, memory functions, etc.

7. Recursion: In C we can call any function inside any function.

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Features of C++

1. Simplicity: C is a very simple language. It uses a structured approach to break everything down into small code blocks.

2. Machine Independent: Its platform is not independent, but can be used on different machines.

3. Full On C: C++ supports most of the code from C. It also allows you to add object-oriented programming (OOP) features to any code.

4. Procedural and Object Oriented: C++ supports both Procedural and Object Programming Language Paradigms

5. Compiler: All C++ programs need to be compiled to get the output.

6. It is recursive: Compilation and execution of the programs is very fast.

7. Similar to C: C is similar to C++ because it also allows the use of pointers and memory management.

8. Secure: C has better data security than some other languages.

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Features of Java

1. Simple: Java is simple to learn. It doesn’t have complex features that are rarely used.

2. OOPs: Java is an Object Object Oriented Programming Language.

3. Platform Independent: Unlike C and C++ Java is platform independent as it runs on a software-based platform. 

4. Runtime Environment: Application Programming Interface(API)

5. Security: Java provides a very secure way to develop applications because of its built-in safety features.

• It has no pointer
• Its programs run inside a virtual machine sandbox
• It uses a classloader to load classes in a virtual machine sandbox

6. Java is robust: Java is comparatively faster than other languages but slower than the compiled languages like C++.

7. Java is multi-threaded: Let’s take a look at the applications of C, C++, and Java. Since C++ was born out of C most of its applications remain the same.

Applications of C and C++

Every programmer should learn these languages. They are building blocks or gateways to programming, which will help in developing programming skills.

• Useful for any hardware-independent project
• Useful for compiler production projects
• Used for developing operating systems.
• Used in embedded systems.
• Used in the development of databases.
• Used for developing system and desktop applications.
• Used in programming routers, switches, and space probes.

Applications of Java

• Used for building Android apps.
• Application development.
• Best for software development.
• applied for the development of scientific applications
• Used for the server side.

Since both C++ and Java are Object Oriented Programming languages at that time C++ was only a competitor to Java. Let’s see why.

Why is Java better than C++?

1. Automatic Garbage Collection

One of Java’s key features is its Garbage Collection. Unlike C++, where you have to manage memory manually, Java does this automatically for you. Any memory occupied by an unused function or object is cleared by GC(Garbage Collector).

2. Too Much Time

Building programs in Java takes much less time compared to C++. Debugging is also a slow process in C++, while it is much faster in Java.

3. Code Splits

C++ unnecessarily splits the source and it becomes hard to find the files with extensions of .hpp and .cpp it breaks the code into multiple places. But with Java, it is only .java and .class extensions.

4. Classloader

Java uses a binary standard, while C does not. With Java, you can connect different classes and use them when needed, but you can’t do this in C.

5. Linking

6. Speed 

Even though C is a compiled language and can be faster than Java.Java has an advantage because it automatically manages memory with Garbage Collection.

Why is Java So Popular?

Java language has been in use for 26 years and even using of this language is still a very popular. This shows how strong its foundation is. Many popular software programs, like NetBeans, have been developed using Java.

Since Java is platform-independent it means it can run on any operating system as long as the system has JRE. Old codes still run on the latest JVMs and get boosted for speed. 

Java is very simple and it has a lot of inbuilt functions without which its programs won’t run. It has 50 keywords and Java API has thousands of classes with tons of methods to choose from.

Few Stats Related to JAVA

In 2024, Java is still key programming language, 30.55% of developer globally depends on this language. Java is on top programming language from last 30 years.

Stratoflow

Recent research shows a growing global community of developers, with around 27 million people. Notably, nearly 8 million developers focus on Java. This shows how popular and widely used the language still is.

Skillvertex

Programming In Java

Java is easy to learn and has simple syntax. Any block of code can be run anywhere and at any time.
Any block of code can be executed anywhere and anytime. It can be used to create full-scale applications which can be used across multiple platforms. Therefore, the best choice for building software or an application that requires cross-platform compatibility for users. It has the best and biggest growing community so finding an answer to any question is also easy. You get lots of help and documentation.

Why You Should Learn JAVA in 2024

Well as we have already seen it has potential and is not going anywhere in future years it offers a lot of potential job opportunities to the young developers out there or for those who aspire to become developers Java can be your best bet as it will open a doorway to the:

• Mobile App Development
• Software Development
• Application Development
• Scientific Application Development
• Backend Language for Web Development.

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In summary, Java changed the game when C and C++ were popular. Java has simple features, better security, and works on different platforms. Its automatic garbage collection, faster build times, and easier code management fix problems found in earlier languages.

Java also has many built-in libraries that help developers create applications easily in different areas. This is why many developers choose Java as their first option.